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Krushanov A. Language of separate Science in pre-standard situations. - M., 1997. - 214 p.

 

(this book is presented on the site but only in Russian)

 

 

 

            SUMMARY

 

             Historical becoming and evolution of any separate field of a scientific knowledge as a rule is connected with the passing of  one very specific and important stage – which called in the book as “pre-standard situations”. It means  it’s time when, from one side, some of the terms express simultaneously many meanings and, from other side, there are many parallel terms with essentially the same meaning (like it was in the times of K.Linnaeus in botany and A.Lavoisier in chemistry). If scientific community begin to fill this abnormality like a real problem, it means that a “pre-standard” situation appeared, and it is a symptom of coming serious conceptual changes.

            This book is intended for those readers, who are interested in the problems of methodology, logic, science of science, language studies and informatics. There is useful material for educational courses “Concepts of contemporary natural sciences”, “Logic” and “Philosophy”.

 

 

 

 

            CONTENTS

 

Introduction

   CONCEPTS + TERMS: CASES OF DISGARMONY

1. Pre-standard situations in the general dynamics of  separate Science

2. Typology of pre-standard situations

  MULTY-DIMENSIONAL UNITS OF KNOWLEDGE

1. Concepts and conceptual complexes

2. Dimensions of the conceptual knowledge

KEY-PRE-STANDARD OF CONTEMPORARY  STUDIES?

1. Cybernetics, general systems theory, synergetics ... and

    radical transformation of world-view

2. On the change of general structure of scientific knowledge

Conclusion

 

Addition:

A. Are the “imaginary” numbers really imaginary?

    On the philosophy of  “noosystems”

B. Pre-standard situation I: interdisciplinary terms with some meanings

    Pre-standard situation II: parallel interdisciplinary terms.